Spent Vanadium Catalyst
London Chemicals & Resources Ltd (LCR) are spent vanadium catalyst specialists along with being vanadium oxalate suppliers, distributor and stockist along with a wide range of industrial inorganic chemicals.
Vanadium is a metal found in numerous minerals. Its presence in soil is believed to be due to the leaching of vanadium from mine tailings. The most important sources of vanadium pollution are oil and coal combustion.
Various studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of vanadium on plants. Some studies suggest that low concentrations of the metal can have beneficial effects on plant physiology. Others have found that it can be harmful to plant life.
In addition to its use as an industrial metal, vanadium is also found in several natural ores. These ores include goethite, patronite, and vanadite. A study of these ores suggests that there are over fifty different compounds in vanadium.
The effects of vanadium on plants are illustrated in this diagram. It is possible that it serves as an elicitor, a potent stimulant, and a stress-protective compound.
Characteristics of the vanadium catalyst
Vanadium recovery from spent catalyst is widely practised worldwide. It plays an important role in the modern chemical industry. However, many spent catalysts do not respond to conventional extraction methods. Consequently, research is being conducted to identify efficient methods for vanadium extraction. The process involves liquid-solid separation.
Spent vanadium catalysts are generally considered as secondary resources. They may contain harmful compounds that leach into water or soil. Therefore, the environmental stability of the residues is assessed using standardized protocols.
Spent catalysts differ in terms of their particle size and form of vanadium sulfide. Typical catalysts are from 0.5 cm to 1 cm in length and diameter. They are often used as special catalysts for the synthesis of high-molecular compounds.
Vanadium is found in a significant amount in spent V2O5 catalysts. This is because vanadium forms anionic complexes at low pH.
Leaching stage 1
One of the methods to recover spent HDS catalysts is acid leaching followed by solvent extraction. In the first stage of the acid-leaching process, the spent catalyst is leached with a hot acid solution. This method has two main advantages – first, it can be done quickly, and second, it can produce high vanadium recovery.
To achieve higher vanadium recovery, the leaching conditions should be optimized. These include the leaching temperature, stirring rate, and the ratio of liquid to solid. The optimum conditions are found to be a temperature of 25 degC, a stirring rate of 300 r/m, a liquid to solid ratio of 3:1, and a H2O2 concentration of 148 g/L.
After leaching, the spent catalyst is then pulverized. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to inspect the morphology of the residue.
Extraction stage 8
In this article, we present a new process for the recovery of metals from spent hydrodesulfurisation (HDS) catalysts, including the extraction of vanadium. We also propose an overall recycling process for spent HDS catalysts.
Firstly, the spent HDS catalyst is subjected to preliminary roasting. Different parameters, such as roasting time and temperature, were studied in order to optimize the roasting step. Secondly, alkaline leaching was performed, followed by the precipitation of vanadate.
Afterwards, the concentration of molybdenum and vanadium in the spent catalyst was tested. They were found to be 0.187% and 67.9%, respectively. These results showed that the overall leaching process is effective.
After the leaching stage, a series of ion exchange processes is conducted to remove cobalt and nickel. Finally, vanadium and molybdenum are separated. Then, a solid filter cake is passed to the vanadium dissolution tank 30. This solution is then separated by adding NH4Cl.
Methods to recover vanadium pentoxide
Vanadium is a metal used in catalysis. It is widely found in nature and anthropogenic processes. The global production of vanadium has increased significantly in the past fifteen years. This may have a negative impact on the environment. A large amount of vanadium is mined and used in various technological applications.
Spent vanadium catalysts are hazardous wastes. They contain iron, copper, zinc, arsenic and lead compounds. These compounds can leach into water and soil. Therefore, a proper utilization of spent catalysts is needed.
In the present study, the effectiveness of a number of methods for recovering vanadium pentoxide from spent vanadium catalysts was investigated. Several factors were examined, including particle size, pH, temperature, bacterially mediated extraction, chemical and pyrometallurgical processes. Results show that the most effective method is a three-step process, namely oxidation, precipitation and biological extraction.
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